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Society
What is Society? What are various types of Society? What makes a society successful?
A very popular phrase is there that Human is a social animal. But, What is society? How does a society forms? How many types of societies are there? If you search Society on any search engine then the search engines will display millions or billions web pages related to Society. Our world wide web research and review work on Society may help you to find crisp results and suggests some good web pages to save your time and energy. Definition of society, various types of society, what makes a society successful are included in our research work along with some good images and videos related to society.
For example, people.howstuffworks.com^1 publish the following definition of society:
Society is made up of individuals who have agreed to work together for mutual benefit.
-by people.howstuffworks.com^1
Definition of society according to merriam-webster.com^2 is as follows:
Companionship or association with one's fellows is called society.
A voluntary association of individuals for common ends; especially : an organized group working together or periodically meeting because of common interests, beliefs, or profession is called a society.
A community, nation, or broad grouping of people having common traditions, institutions, and collective activities and interests is called society.
-by merriam-webster.com^2
definitions.net^3 writes on their web pages about society:
An extended social group having a distinctive cultural and economic organization is known as society.
-by definitions.net^3
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Types of Society
How many types of societies are there? How the different types of societies formed and why? What are the characteristics of society? Sociology gives the answers of all these questions. There are different criteria on the basis of which the societies categorize. On the basis of primary livelihood, societies are classified as tribal society, agrarian society, industrial society.
Tribe is a group of people in a barbarous stage of development. It is a social group of bands with territorial affiliation. Tribal societies are restricted in temporal range of their social, legal and political relations. Main livelihood of tribal society is hunting.
Agrarian societies considered 6000 years old. Agrarian society is a form of society which is primarily based on agricultural and craft production rather than industrial production for sustenance.
The Industrial society is not a very old form of society. Industrial society considered only 250 years old which originated in Britain and spread to the entire world. Industrial society is a social system or a form of society mainly based on production of finished goods manufactured with the aid of machinery.
On the basis of level of technology used, societies are classified as hunting and gathering societies, pastoral societies, horticultural societies, agricultural societies, feudal societies and industrial societies.
1. Hunting and gathering societies
Livelihood of hunting and gathering societies primarily based on hunting animals, fishing, and gathering plants. In present time, very few people or small hunting and gathering societies remain across the world.
Pastoral societies emerged 12,000 years ago in desert lands where horticulture and manufacturing are not possible. Pastoral societies hence, pasture animals for food and transportation for their sustenance.
Horticultural societies base on cultivating mainly fruits, vegetables, and plants; but not cultivate grains. Sociologists claim that the horticultural societies emerged at the time of pastoral societies.
Agricultural societies use technological advancements in cultivation, especially cultivation of grains, i.e. wheat, rice, barley etc. Specialty of agricultural societies over horticultural societies are the strategies of cultivation such as transplanting, seeding, burning, tilling, fertilizing, pruning, selective harvesting, crop-rotation, etc.
As the name suggests, industrial societies are the societies primarily based on industries. Industrial societies emerged during the 18th century with the industrial revolution appeared in Britain. Main focus of industrial societies is only on production of finished goods in mechanized factories.
What makes a society successful?
How to define the "success" of a society? There are literally many definitions of success. Sociologists advocate to study and analyze three major factors to define the success of society, i.e. education, health and wealth.
Education is generally consider a key of good health and wealth. Education directly helps in earning wealth. Wealthy people generally find healthier than poorer citizens because of affordability of better food, easy access of healthcare services and better paying capacity for medical services.
According to many sociologists, a society is deemed successful and civilized only if it takes care of its poorest citizens. This often means providing them with free healthcare and public assistance when they do not earn enough money to support themselves.
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In our opinion, society is an association of individuals for common interest. This association may be voluntary or organized. Definitions from people.howstuffworks.com, merriam-webster.com and definitions.net mentioned above as ^1, ^2 and ^3 are describing society in the same direction with more elaboration. Even if we keenly study the definition of society mentioned by merriam-webster.com, we find it that there is also a discussion on the scope or size of the society which states a nation as a society! Hence, in our opinion, definition of society at merriam-webster.com is most appropriate definition among all the tree definitions.
References
^1. people.howstuffworks.com
^3. definitions.net
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